Metformin is an old and well-known drug, which is widely used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
In recent years, studies have been gaining momentum that point to the innovative potential of metformin - slowing down the aging process and even extending life expectancy.
Metformin history:
Metformin was first developed in the 20s of the last century, and it has been used to treat type 2 diabetes since 1957.
The drug is effective and relatively cheap, and is considered one of the safest drugs for the treatment of diabetes.
Metformin and aging:
Many studies have found a connection between high blood glucose levels and the aging process.
Metformin, as mentioned, reduces these levels, and therefore may have a positive effect on the aging process.
Mechanisms of action:
Metformin affects several biological mechanisms related to aging, including:
- Reducing inflammation: Chronic inflammation is a significant risk factor for many diseases associated with aging. Metformin reduces inflammation at the systemic level, thus contributing to better health.
- Effect on AMPK: AMPK is a protein known as the "switch of life". It regulates many processes related to aging, such as metabolism, DNA repair and protection against oxidative stress. Metformin activates AMPK, thus contributing to the normal functioning of many systems in the body.
- Effect on autophagy: Autophagy is a process in which the cell cleans itself of damaged components. Metformin improves the autophagy process, thus contributing to cell health and disease prevention.
- Effect on mTOR: mTOR is a protein that promotes the growth of cells and tissues. Metformin inhibits mTOR, thus contributing to slowing down the aging process.
Clinical studies:
Many clinical studies have found a link between taking metformin and a longer lifespan (metformin life extension. For example, a study published in the journal "Nature Aging" found that people who took metformin for 4 years showed a 15% reduction in all-cause mortality compared to people who did not take the drug.
Metformin life extension
Other benefits of metformin:
- Reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease: Metformin may reduce the risk of heart attacks, strokes and atherosclerosis.
- Reducing the risk of cancer: Studies indicate a relationship between taking metformin and a decreased risk of certain types of cancer, such as breast cancer and colon cancer.
- Improving brain function: Metformin may improve brain function
Dosage:
The recommended dose of metformin varies according to age, health condition and the body's response. Usually, you start with a low dose and gradually increase it until you reach the desired blood sugar level.
Side effects:
Metformin is a relatively safe drug, with minimal side effects. The most common side effects are digestive disorders, such as nausea and diarrhea. These symptoms usually pass with time.
Is metformin suitable for everyone?
Metformin is not suitable for everyone.
People suffering from serious kidney problems or heart failure should not take the medicine. Also, pregnant or breastfeeding women should consult a doctor before taking metformin.
In summary:
Metformin is an old and well-known drug with new potential to fight aging. Many studies indicate that taking metformin may lead to an extension of life expectancy and an improvement in the quality of life over time. Therefore, today metformin is used to prolong life, however, it is important to consult a doctor before taking metformin, in order to make sure that it is suitable for you.
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References:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4772077
https://fortune.com/well/2023/05/04/metformin-anti-aging-longevity-risks-side-effects/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34421827/
